University Student's Academic Goals When Working in Teams: Questionnaire on Academic Goals in Teamwork, 3 × 2 Model.

Group work is a very common practice in higher education when it comes to developing key competences for students' personal and professional growth. The goals that students pursue when working in teams determine how they organize and regulate their behavior and how they approach the tasks. The academic goals are a relevant variable that can condition the success of the group, as they guide and direct the students toward involvement in the task, the effort they make, and the desire to increase their academic competence, and their learning. Thus, the need arises to create new evaluation instruments to help us understand the importance of academic goals when students work as a team. The purpose of this paper is to corroborate the construct validity of the questionnaire on teamwork learning goals (QTLG) based on the achievement goal questionnaire (3 × 2 AGQ) of Elliot et al. (2011) in the context of teamwork, and to determine if the model 3 × 2 offers a better fit to the data than other models, such as: 2 × 2; Trichotomous; Definition; Valence, among others. The results obtained from a sample of 700 students from 6 Spanish universities confirm that, in the context of teamwork, the 3 × 2 model fits the data better than the rest of the models subjected to confirmatory analysis, with contrasting evidence of validity and reliability. Therefore, we considered it a useful instrument for studying motivation in the group work context. The QTLG has practical applications, allowing us to explore in detail the academic goals of university students.

Differential Analysis of Psychopathological Impact of Cyberbullying in University Students.

The new technologies (NT) and Internet are now a part of our lives and they are even changing the way in which we relate to each other, in both a positive and a negative sense, especially among young people. One of the negative aspects is their use to harass others, a phenomenon known as Cyberbullying. The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of cyberbullying, the characteristics of victims and aggressors in a sample of university students, and to analyze the relationships between the use of Internet and the presence of psychopathological symptomatology, as well as the differences in the psychopathological dimensions in relation to the intensity of the cyberbullying, cyberaggression and gender. The participants were 1108 university students selected using a randomized cluster sample. The results demonstrate the presence of cyberbullying in our participants. No differences were found with respect to gender in the frequency of being a victim; but differences were found in this respect in the case of the aggressors, as well as there being different symptomatology profiles in males and females and according to the intensity of the aggression. The results are discussed in relation to the differences according to gender, as well as the need to carry out longitudinal studies and to design prevention and intervention programs for university campuses that are sensitive to the differences between males and females.

Una intervención en aprendizaje cooperativo sobre el perfil del observador en la dinámica bullying / Intervention effectiveness in cooperative learning on the profile of the dynamics bullying observer

RESUMEN El bullying (acoso escolar) contempla como protagonistas a un grupo de alumnos con papeles bien diferenciados: Agresor, víctima y observadores, estos últimos, testigos del acoso que pueden condicionar el curso del mismo. Con este estudio se pretende determinar si la aplicación de técnicas de aprendizaje cooperativo en el aula, reduce la frecuencia de conductas de acoso escolar, en estudiantes de Educación Primaria. Con el fin de evaluar dichas conductas, se aplicó la Escala de frecuencias de acoso escolar entre iguales. Perspectiva Observador. Nuestros resultados apoyan la hipótesis, de que tras la aplicación de técnicas de aprendizaje cooperativo en el aula, los observadores constatan una reducción de las agresiones verbales y físicas directas, físicas indirectas y de exclusión social propias de la dinámica bullying.

ABSTRACT Bullying includes starring a group of students with distinct roles: aggressor, victim and observers, the latter witnessed the harassment, which may affect the course of the same. This study aims to determine whether the application in the classroom cooperative learning techniques, reduces the frequency of bullying behaviors in students of Primary Education. In order to evaluate these behaviors, the Frequency Scale Peer Bullying. Observer Perspective applies. Our results support the hypothesis that following the implementation of cooperative learning techniques in the classroom, observers establish that reduction in direct verbal and physical aggression, indirect and dynamic characteristics of social exclusion physical bullying.